Modals (Tablo)
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English Grammar
Phrasal Verbs
Verbs - Overview | Action Verbs | Auxiliary Verbs | Finite / Non-Finite | Irregular Verbs
Main Verbs | Modal Verbs | Mood | Phrasal Verbs | Regular Verbs | Stative Verbs
| Auxiliary | Uses | Present / future | Past |
| may | 1. polite request | May I borrow your pen? | |
| 2. formal permission | You may leave the room. | ||
| 3. Less than 50% certainty |
--Where's Jon? He may be at the library |
He may have been at the library | |
| might | 1. less than 50% certainty |
--where's John? He might be at the library |
He Might have been at the library |
| 2. polite request (rare) | Might I borrow your pen? | ||
| should | 1. advisability | I should study tonight | I should have studied last night. |
| 2. 90% certainty | She should do well on the test (future only, not present) | She should have done well on the test. | |
| ought to | 1. advisability | I ought to study tonight | I ought to have studied last night |
| 2. 90% certainty | She ought to do well on the test. (future only, not present) | She ought to have studied last night. | |
| had better | 1. advisability with threat of bad result | You had better be on time, or we will leave without you. | (past form uncomon) |
| be supposed to | 1. expectation | Class is supposed to begin at 10. | Class was supposed to begin at 10. |
| be to | 1. strong expectation | You are to be here at 9:00. | You were to be here at 9:00 |
| must | 1. strong necessity | I must go to class today | I had to go to class yesterday |
| 2. prohibition (negative) | You must not open that door. | ||
| 3. 95% certainty | Mary isn't in class. She must be sick (present only) | Mary must have been sick yesterday. | |
| have to | 1. necessity | I have to go to class today. | I had to go to class yesterday |
| 2. lack of necessity (negative) | I don't have to go to class today. | I had to go to class yesterday. | |
| have got to | 1. necessity | I have got to go to class today. | I had to go to class yesterday. |
| will | 1. 100% certainty | He will be here at 6:00 ((future only) | |
| 2. willingness |
--the phone's ringing. I'll get it. |
||
| 3. polite request | Will you please pass the salt? | ||
| be going to | 1. 100% certainty | He is going to be here at 6:00 (future only) | |
| 2. definite plan | I'm going to paint my bedroom. (future only) | I was going to paint my room, but I didn't have time. | |
| can | 1. ability / possibility | I can run fast. | I could run fast when I was a child but now I can't. |
| 2. informal permission | You can use my car tomorrow. | ||
| 3. informal polite request | Can I borrow your pen? | ||
| 4. impossibility (negative only) | That can't be true! | That can't have been true! | |
| could | 1. past ability | I could run fast when I was a child. | |
| 2. polite request | Could I borrow your
pen? Could you help me/ |
||
| 3. suggestion |
--I need help in math. You could talk to your teacher. |
You could have talked to your teacher. | |
| 4. less than 50% certainty |
--Where's John? He could be at home. |
He could have been at home. | |
| 5. impossibility (negative only). | That couldn't be true! | That couldn't have been true! | |
| be able to | 1. ability | I am able to help you. I will be able to help you. | I was able to help him. |
| would | 1. polite request | Would you please ass salt? Would you mind if I left early? | |
| 2. preference | I would rather go to the park than stay home. | I would rather have gone to the park. | |
| 3. repeated action in the past | When I was a child, I would visit my grandparents ever weekend | ||
| used to | 1. repeated action in the past | When I was a child, I would visit my grandparents every weekend. | |
| shall | 1. polite question to make a suggestions | Shall I open the window? | |
| 2. future with "I" or "we" as subject | I shall arrive at nine. (will = more common) |
Learn English
English Grammar
Phrasal Verbs
Verbs - Overview | Action Verbs | Auxiliary Verbs | Finite / Non-Finite | Irregular Verbs
Main Verbs | Modal Verbs | Mood | Phrasal Verbs | Regular Verbs | Stative Verbs
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İNGİLİZCE GRAMER
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1. When I was younger, I
................ run five kilometres
every day, but now I have to take
frequent rests when I try to do the same
thing.run a.could b.should be able to c.have got to d. can e. am able to 2.She hasn't eaten anything since yesterday. She .......... be really very hungry now! a.can b.would c.must d. might e.needn't 3." Why are you late? " " I ............. my uncle to the bus terminal. There was so much traffic that it took me much longer than it usually does." a.had to take b.must have taken c.have got to take d.should have taken e.should take 4." Do you think the teacher will give us a pop quiz today?" " He .........., but I don't really think so." a.will b.might c.would d.should e.needs 5." Do I have to take that Math course?" " No, you ................." a.haven't b.don' have c.mustn't d. ought to e.needn't 6.You ............. a two-year old child at home alon e. Anything can happen. a.didn't leave a.mustn't b.don't have to c.needn't leave a.need to 7.He worked hard yesterday, so he................ the project.he a.could finish b.would have finished c.might finish d.was able to finish e.can finish 8.It's only a little way to the station, so we ............ walk as well. a.can b.will c.shouldn't d.might e.mustn't 9. Hello Mary! I can't be sure I'll be home in time for dinner. I ..... be late,so don't wait for m e. a.may b. will c.should d. must e.should 10." Do you think it was Ali we saw earlier?" " It .............. but I am not sure." a.would be b.may have been c.might be d.must have e.could be 11. When I was young, I ............... a sports magazine regularly, but I don't anymore. a.used to buying b.used to buy c.was used to buy d.get used to buy 12." Ali got the highest grade in the history exam." "He ............. very hard before the exam." a.should have studied b.ought to have studied c.must have studied d.might study Verilen cümleye en yakın anlama sahip olan cümleyi bulup işaretleyiniz. 13. " I am sure she has forgotten something" a.She must have forgotten something b.She could have forgotten something. c.She should have forgotten something d. She ought to forgotten something. e.She might have forgotten something. 14.I don't believe it's ten o'clock. a.It mustn't be ten o'clock. b.It shouldn't be ten o'clock. c.It needn't be ten o'clock. d.It couldn't be ten o'clock. e.It can't be ten o'clock. 15.She apologised but it wasn't necessary. a.She didn't need to apologise b.She needn't have apologised. c.She must have apologised. d.She might have apologised. e.She could have apologised. 16.We didn't call the police because it was unnecessary. a.We needn't have called the police. b.We should have called the police. c.We could have called the police. d.We can't have called the police. e. We didn't need to call the police. 17. I was wrong to say that it was your fault. a. I mustn't have said it. b.I mightn't have said it. c.I shouldn't have said it. d.I didn't need to say it. e.I can't have said it. 18.He can't have passed his driving test. a.It was impossible for him to pass his driving test. b.He shouldn't have passed his driving test. c.It is not possible for him to pass his driving test. d.He mustn't have passed his driving test. e.He mightn't have passed his driving test. 19.A:"What's that noise?" B:"Don't worry.It .............my cat playing in the kitchen." a.must have been b.must be c.should be d.could have been 20.Look what have you done!You have broken all my glasses.You .........more careful. a.can have been b.must have been c.would have been d.should have been 21.He was a good swimmer and .................swim to the river bank when the boat sank. a.could b.was able to c.might d.might be able to 22.My dictionary is not in its usual place; someone ................ it. a.should be borrowed b.can borrow c.might borrow d.might have borrowed it e. ought to borrow 23. I .............. travel by couch to İstanbul last week because the airline pilots were on strik e. a.ought to b.need to c.had to d.am to e.should to 24.You .............. your doctor before you started dieting. a. might consult b.have to consult c.should have consulted d.have consulted e.have consulted 25.You ........... wear jeans or trainers at a formal gathering . It wouldn't be right. a.needn't b.don' have to c.mightn't d.weren't able to e.mustn't 26. Our guests are supposed .......... here before eight o'clock. a. to be b. was c. been d.being 27." What will you do after school is over." " I ........... work for a year, but I haven't decided yet. a.will b.might c.should d.need 28." Did Alper go to the movies last night?" " Yes, but he ...................have studied at home and studied his lessons." a.may b.should c.must d.can 29.I would rather ........... to Antalya than Istanbul for my holiday. a. went c.gone c.going d. go 30." Ali has pictures of Michael Jackson all over his walls." " He ............ like the singer very much." a.can b.will c.must d.may 31." There was some cake in the dish, but it's gon e. I wonder what happened to them?" "I don't know. My younger sister ............ it." a.had to eat b.ought to have eaten c.might eat d.may have eaten 32." I am absolutely sure that money was not stolen by Peter. Such an honest man as Peter ...........such a disgraceful thing in any way." a.couldn't have done b.shouldn't have done c.may not have done d.could not do 33.You shouldn't have walked about the city alone. You ................. a.might get lost b.would have gotten lost c.might have gotten lost d.could get lost 34.The milkman looks like a snowman. It ............ heavily outside. a.will be snowing b.should be snowing c.may be snowing d.must be snowing 35.It's getting dark , we'd better .......... now or father will get very angry. a.leave b.left c.will leave d.leaving 36." The cold weather doesn't seem to bother (rahatsiz etmek) you." " Before I came to Ankara, I ...... live in Kars,which is one of the coldest places in Turkey." a.would rather live b.would live c.ought to leave d. used to live 37." ......... you close the window, please?" " Certainly." a.Will b.May c.Shall d.Do 38." Did you enjoy the opera?" " It was okay, but I'd rather ............... to the cinema." a.went b.have gone c.had gone d.go 39.If you don't want to get wet, you had better .....this umbrela with you. a.take b.to take c.taken d.for taking 40. I know it's none of my busines but I ....... wondering where he gets all his money from. a. can't help b.can't bear c.can't ask d.can't afford |
| CÜMLELERİN ANLAMLARINI DEĞİŞTİRMEDEN PARANTEZ İÇERİSİNDE VERİLEN MODALLAR İLE TEKRAR YAZINIZ |
| 1.It is
possible that the phone is out of order. (might) .................................................................................... 2.I am sure he has heard the news. (must) ................................................................................... 3.It is possible that they are having diner now. (could) ..................................................................................... 4.I am sure Tom did not steal the money. (can) ..................................................................................... 5.You don't have to go to school today. (need) 6.I am sure she is at hom e. Her light is on. (must) 7.Perhaps there has been an accident. (might) 8.It was not necessary for you to type the letters. (need) 9.It is impossible that you wrote this composition by yourself. (can) 10.You do not look well.You had better see a doctor. (should) |
İNGİLİZCE GRAMER
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CEVAP
ANAHTARI 1. When I was younger, I ................run five kilometres every day, but now I have to take frequent rests when I try to do the same thing. Xa.could b.should be able to c.have got to d. can e. am able to 2.She hasn't eaten anything since yesterday. She .......... be really very hungry now! a.can b.would Xc.must d. might e.needn't 3." Why are you late? " " I ............. my uncle to the bus terminal. There was so much traffic that it took me much longer than it usually does." Xa.had to take b.must have taken c.have got to take d.should have taken e.should take 4." Do you think the teacher will give us a pop quiz today?" " He .........., but I don't really think so." a.will Xb.might c.would d.should e.needs 5." Do I have to take that Math course?" " No, you ................." a.haven't b.don' have c.mustn't d. ought to Xe.needn't 6.You ............. a two-year old child at home alone. Anything can happen. a.didn't leave Xa.mustn't b.don't have to c.needn't leave a.need to 7.He worked hard yesterday, so he ................ the project. a.could finish b.would have finished c.might finish Xd.was able to finish e.can finish 8.It's only a little way to the station, so we ............ walk as well. Xa.can b.will c.shouldn't d.might e.mustn't 9. Hello Mary! I can't be sure I'll be home in time for dinner. I ..... be late,so don't wait for me. Xa.may b. will c.should d. must e.should 10." Do you think it was Ali we saw earlier?" " It .............. but I am not sure." a.would be X b.may have been c.might be d.must have e.could be 11. When I was young, I ............... a sports magazine regularly, but I don't anymore. a.used to buying Xb.used to buy c.was used to buy d.get used to buy 12." Ali got the highest grade in the history exam." "He ............. very hard before the exam." a.should have studied b.ought to have studied X c.must have studied d.might study Verilen cümleye en yakýn anlama sahip olan cümleyi bulup işaretleyiniz. 13. " I am sure she has forgotten something" Xa.She must have forgotten something b.She could have forgotten something. c.She should have forgotten something d. She ought to forgotten something. e.She might have forgotten something. 14.I don't believe it's ten o'clock. a.It mustn't be ten o'clock. b.It shouldn't be ten o'clock. c.It needn't be ten o'clock. d.It couldn't be ten o'clock. Xe.It can't be ten o'clock. 15.She apologised but it wasn't necessary. a.She didn't need to apologise Xb.She needn't have apologised. c.She must have apologised. d.She might have apologised. e.She could have apologised. 16.We didn't call the police because it was unnecessary. a.We needn't have called the police. b.We should have called the police. c.We could have called the police. d.We can't have called the police. Xe. We didn't need to call the police. 17. I was wrong to say that it was your fault. a. I mustn't have said it. b.I mightn't have said it. Xc.I shouldn't have said it. d.I didn't need to say it. e.I can't have said it. 18.He can't have passed his driving test. Xa.It was impossible for him to pass his driving test. b.He shouldn't have passed his driving test. c.It is not possible for him to pass his driving test. d.He mustn't have passed his driving test. e.He mightn't have passed his driving test. 19.A:"What's that noise?" B:"Don't worry.It .............my cat playing in the kitchen." a.must have been X b.must be c.should be d.could have been 20.Look what have you done!You have broken all my glasses.You .........more careful. a.can have been b.must have been c.would have been Xd.should have been 21.He was a good swimmer and .................swim to the river bank when the boat sank. a.could X b.was able to c.might d.might be able to 22.My dictionary is not in its usual place; someone ................ it. a.should be borrowed b.can borrow c.might borrow Xd.might have borrowed it e. ought to borrow 23. I .............. travel by couch to İstanbul last week because the airline pilots were on strike. a.ought to b.need to Xc.had to d.am to e.should to 24.You .............. your doctor before you started dieting. a. might consult b.have to consult X c.should have consulted d.have consulted e.have consulted 25.You ........... wear jeans or trainers at a formal gathering . It wouldn't be right. a.needn't b.don' have to c.mightn't d.weren't able to Xe.mustn't 26. Our guests are supposed .......... here before eight o'clock. Xa. to be b. was c. been d.being 27." What will you do after school is over." " I ........... work for a year, but I haven't decided yet. a.will X b.might c.should d.need 28." Did Alper go to the movies last night?" " Yes, but he ...................have studied at home and studied his lessons." a.may X b.should c.must d.can 29.I would rather ........... to Antalya than Ýstanbul for my holiday. a. went c.gone c.going Xd. go 30." Ali has pictures of Michael Jackson all over his walls." " He ............ like the singer very much." a.can b.will X c.must d.may 31." There was some cake in the dish, but it's gone. I wonder what happened to them?" "I don't know. My younger sister ............ it." a.had to eat b.ought to have eaten c.might eat Xd.may have eaten 32." I am absolutely sure that money was not stolen by Peter. Such an honest man as Peter ...........such a disgraceful thing in any way." Xa.couldn't have done b.shouldn't have done c.may not have done d.could not do 33.You shouldn't have walked about the city alone. You ................. a.might get lost b.would have gotten lost Xc.might have gotten lost d.could get lost 34.The milkman looks like a snowman. It ............ heavily outside. a.will be snowing b.should be snowing c.may be snowing Xd.must be snowing 35.It's getting dark , we'd better .......... now or father will get very angry. Xa.leave b.left c.will leave d.leaving 36." The cold weather doesn't seem to bother you." " Before I came to Ankara, I ...... live in Kars,which is one of the coldest places in Turkey." a.would rather live b.would live c.ought to leave Xd. used to live 37." ......... you close the window, please?" " Certainly." Xa.Will b.May c.Shall d.Do 38." Did you enjoy the opera?" " It was okay, but I'd rather ............... to the cinema." a.went b.have gone Xc.had gone d.go 39.If you don't want to get wet, you had better .....this umbrela with you. Xa.take b.to take c.taken d.for taking 40. I know it's none of my busines but I ....... wondering where he gets all his money from. Xa. can't help b.can't bear c.can't ask d.can't afford |
| CÜMLELERİN ANLAMLARINI DEĞİŞTİRMEDEN PARANTEZ İÇERİSİNDE VERİLEN MODALLAR İLE TEKRAR YAZINIZ |
| 1.It is
possýble that the phone ýs out of order. (might) The telephone might be out of order. 2.I am sure he has heard the news. (must) ...He must have heard the news... 3.It is possible that they are having diner now. (could) ........They could be having dinner now......... 4.I am sure Tom did not steal the money. (can) ........Tom can't have stolen the money............. 5.You don't have to go to school today. (need) ............. You needn't go to school today............... 6.I am sure she is at home. Her light is on. (must) ............ She must be at home ................ 7.Perhaps there has been an accident. (might) ............There might have been an accident ............... 8.It was not necessary for you to type the letters. (need) You needen't have typed the letters ............. 9.It is impossible that you wrote this composition by yourself. (can) ....... You can't have written this composition ........ 10.You do not look well.You had better see a doctor. (should) ...........You should see a doctor........... |
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